Guteza imbere iterambere ryiza ry’ubucuruzi bw’ubushinwa n’udushya

Ibyagezweho mu iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu mezi icumi yambere
Dukurikije amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo, igihugu cyanjye cyose cyatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira 2021 cyari miliyoni 4.89 US $, kikaba kinini kuruta icy'umwaka ushize.Mu rwego rw’ibyorezo by’isi yose, ubukungu bwifashe nabi cyane, ndetse n’ubudashidikanywaho, ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga bw’Ubushinwa bwakomeje umuvuduko w’iterambere, butanga ingwate ikomeye y’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa.
Ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga bw’Ubushinwa ntibwakomeje gusa umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bukabije, ahubwo bwakomeje kunoza imiterere.Mu mezi icumi ya mbere yo mu 2021, agereranywa n’amafaranga, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’amashanyarazi byiyongereyeho 22.4% umwaka ushize, bingana na 58.9% by’agaciro kwoherezwa mu mahanga.Muri byo, inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zakoze neza cyane, hamwe niterambere ryumwaka-mwaka wa 111.1%.Mu mezi icumi ya mbere, Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bitatu bikomeye by’ubucuruzi bya ASEAN, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, na Amerika byakomeje kwiyongera cyane, aho umwaka ushize byiyongera ku gipimo cya 20%.Umubare w’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi byigenga na byo byiyongereye gahoro gahoro, byerekana ko urwego nyamukuru rw’ubucuruzi rugenda rwiyongera kandi imbaraga zitera imbaraga mu iterambere ry’ubucuruzi zigenda ziyongera.
Iterambere ryihuse kandi ryiza ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu Bushinwa ryateje imbere cyane ubukungu kandi ryagize uruhare runini mu guteza imbere umurimo.Mu mezi icumi ya mbere ya 2021, umubare w’abashoramari bashya biyandikishije bageze ku 154.000, kandi inyinshi muri zo zari imishinga mito n’ubucuruzi buciriritse, iciriritse na mikoro.Mu myaka yashize, Ubushinwa nabwo bwaguye cyane ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, cyane cyane ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, kugira ngo abaturage babone ibyo bakeneye.Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byujuje ubuziranenge kandi bidahenze ndetse n’amasoko manini manini nabyo byagize uruhare runini mu kuzamuka kw’ubucuruzi bw’isi no gutuza no korohereza urwego rw’inganda n’ibicuruzwa.
Tugomba kurushaho guteza imbere iterambere ryujuje ubuziranenge mu bucuruzi bwo hanze
Nubwo ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga bw’Ubushinwa bwageze ku musaruro mwiza, ibidukikije bizaza biracyuzuyemo ibintu bitazwi neza.Imbaraga za endogenous zo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga mu Bushinwa ziracyakenewe gushimangirwa, kandi haracyari byinshi byo kunoza imiterere y’ibicuruzwa n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.Ibi birasaba ibyiciro byose mubushinwa gutsimbarara mugushiraho ingengabitekerezo yo gukingura kurwego rwo hejuru kwisi, kandi duharanira guteza imbere ubuziranenge bwubucuruzi bwubushinwa.
“Gahunda y’imyaka cumi nine n'itanu yo guteza imbere ubuziranenge bw’ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga” iherutse gutangazwa na Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi ishyira ahagaragara ingengabitekerezo iyobora, intego nyamukuru n’ibikorwa byihutirwa by’iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu nzego zose z’Ubushinwa.Irerekana neza ko ari ngombwa gutsimbarara ku guhanga udushya no kwihutisha ihinduka ryiterambere.Turashobora gutekereza ko mugihe cya "Gahunda yimyaka 14 yimyaka 5" ndetse nigihe kirekire mugihe kizaza, gahunda yo guhanga udushya izaba isoko yimbaraga ziterambere ryubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga.
Bitewe no guhanga udushya nkimbaraga zambere ziterambere ryubucuruzi bwamahanga
Kugirango tugere ku guhanga udushya, tugomba mbere na mbere gushimangira udushya mu buhanga n’ikoranabuhanga mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga.Byaba ari ugutezimbere tekinoloji yumusaruro, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya logistique, cyangwa kwagura imiyoboro yamamaza, cyangwa no kunoza uburyo bwo kwerekana, byose bikenera inkunga yo guhanga udushya.By'umwihariko bitewe n’icyorezo, urunigi rwambere rwurwego rwinganda rumaze guhura ningaruka zo guturika.Ibicuruzwa bihanitse bigezweho hamwe nibice ntibishobora guterwa rwose nibitangwa hanze, kandi umusaruro wigenga ugomba kugerwaho.Ariko, ibikorwa bya R&D ntabwo ari akazi k'umunsi kandi bigomba gutezwa imbere bihamye mugihe cyoherejwe hamwe.
Kugirango tugere ku guhanga udushya, birakenewe kandi guhora dutezimbere udushya twinzego.“Guhatira ivugurura binyuze mu gufungura” ni uburambe mu ivugurura ry’Ubushinwa no gufungura inzira.Mu bihe biri imbere, dukeneye gufata umwanya wo guteza imbere ubuziranenge bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga nk’umwanya wo kuvugurura gahunda na politiki bibangamira iterambere ry’isoko, haba ku “mipaka” cyangwa “Post-border” ingamba zose zisaba gukomeza kunoza ivugurura kugirango tugere ku guhanga udushya.
Kugirango tugere ku guhanga udushya, tugomba nanone kwitondera icyitegererezo no guhanga udushya.Ingaruka z’iki cyorezo, imwe mu mbaraga zikomeye zitera ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga mu gutanga ibisubizo bishimishije ni iterambere rikomeye ry’imiterere n’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.Mu bihe biri imbere, mugihe tuzirikana imiterere nubucuruzi gakondo, tugomba kandi gukoresha cyane ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga rya digitale, tunoza iterambere ryubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, kugira uruhare mukubaka ububiko bwububiko bwo hanze, na bito, bito na mikoro. ibigo bizitabira cyane muburyo bushya hamwe nicyitegererezo nko gutanga amasoko, no kwitabira ubwoko bwinshi., Multi-batch, mato mato mato, kandi ukomeza kwagura isoko mpuzamahanga.(Umwanditsi ushinzwe: Wang Xin)